Challenge X: 2008 - Team Technologies
The Challenge X teams will construct vehicles that, when compared with the stock vehicle,
- Significantly reduce well-to-wheels energy consumption;
- Incorporate technologies that increase energy efficiency and reduce fossil energy consumption and emissions on the basis of on a total fuel cycle (well-to-wheels analysis);
- Significantly reduce criteria tailpipe emissions and greenhouse gases;
- Increase pump-to-wheels fuel economy; and
- Maintain or exceed consumer acceptability in the areas of performance, utility, and safety.
Team |
HEV Architecture |
Engine |
Fuel |
Transmission |
Energy Storage |
Motor |
| Michigan Technological University | Through-the-road Parallel | 2.0-L 4 Cylinder Spark Ignition | Reformulated Gasoline | 4-Speed Automatic | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 336V | 50 kW Solectria AC Induction Transaxle |
| Mississippi State University | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | Johnson Controls, Nickel Metal Hydride - 330V | 45 kW Ballard Integrated Power Transaxle |
| Ohio State University | Series Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | Aisin-Warner AF40 6-Speed Automatic Transaxle | Panasonic, Nickel Metal Hydride - 300V | 67 kW Ballard AC Induction Transaxle / 10.6 kW Brushless DC Generator |
| Pennsylvania State University | Post-Transmission Parallel | 1.3-L GM Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] & Hydrogen | Aisin AF33-5 5-Speed Automatic |
Lithium Tech, Lithium Ion - 300V | 78 kW Solectria AC - 42 AC Induction |
| Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology | Power Split | 2.5-L 4 Cylinder Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | Custom Rose Hybrid 1-Mode Transmission [RH1T] | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 336V | [2] 60 kW Custom AC Induction Motors |
| San Diego State University | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | Panasonic, Nickel Metal Hydride - 400V | 150 kW AC Propulsion AC Induction |
| Texas Tech University | Parallel Hybrid | 2.4-L GM Ecotec VVT | Ethanol [E85] & Hydrogen | GM 4T45E 4-Speed Automatic | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 36V | 4 kW GM Belt-Alternator-Starter |
| University of Akron | Series Parallel 2 by 2 | 1.9-L 4 Cylinder Diesel Turbo Direct Injection | Bio Diesel [B20] | Direct Shift Gear Box [DSG] 6-Speed Manumatic | Nesscap, Ultracapacitor Bank - 370V | 67 kW Ballard Integrated Power Transaxle / 36 kW Siemens Permanent Magnet Generator |
| University of California - Davis | Pre-Transmission Parallel Plug-In Hybrid Capable | 1.5-L Atkinson Spark Ignition | Ethanol [E85] | UC-Davis Custom Continuously Variable Transmission | GIA Lithium Technology, Lithium Ion - 346V | 75 kW UQM Permanent Magnet - Front /60 kW ENOVA AC Induction-Rear |
| University of Michigan | Series Hydraulic | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | Fixed Gear Reduction | Hydraulic Accumulators | Hydraulic 80 cc/rev & 55 cc/rev Bent Axis Variable Displacement |
| University of Tennessee | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 288V | 67 kW Ballard AC Induction |
| University of Texas at Austin | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | Johnson Controls, Nickel Metal Hydride - 42V | 5 kW Hitachi AC Induction Belt-Driven Alternator / Starter Hybrid |
| University of Tulsa | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Ethanol [E85] & Hydrogen | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 288V | 67 kW Ballard AC Induction Transaxle |
| University of Waterloo | Series Fuel Cell Electric | 65 kW Hydrogenics HyPM Fuel Cell | Hydrogen | Fixed Gear Reduction | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 288V | [2] 67 kW Ballard AC Induction Transaxles |
| University of Wisconsin - Madison | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | GM F40 6-Speed Manual | Johnson Controls, Nickel Metal Hydride - 288V | 45 kW Ballard Integrated Power Transaxle |
| Virginia Tech | Split Parallel | 2.3-L Saab Turbo Spark Ignition | Ethanol [E85] | GM 5-Speed Manual | COBASYS, Nickel Metal Hydride - 336V | 52 kW Ballard AC Induction Transaxle / 8 kW MES AC Induction Belt-Alternator / Starter |
| West Virginia University | Through-the-road Parallel | 1.9-L GM Direct Injection Turbo Diesel | Bio Diesel [B20] | Aisin-Warner AF40 6-Speed Automatic Transaxle | Maxwell, Ultra-Cap - 850 kJ | [2] PML Wheel Hub Motors / 18 hp AC Induction Generator |
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